Heating system for incubators and brooders.



H. M. SHEER.

HEATING SYSTEM FOR INCUBATOBS AND BROODERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. 1913v 1,1 28,535. Patented Feb. 16,1915

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H. M; SHEER.

HEATING SYSTEM FOR' INCUBATORS AND BROODERS. I APPLICATION FILED AUG.,19, .1913. 1,128,535. Patented 'Feb'. 16, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, H. M. SHEER. v HEATING SYSTEM FOR IHCUBATORS AND BROODERS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1913.

' 1,128,535. Patented Feb. 16, 1915. s SHEETS-SHEET a.

H N a v \2 lowing is a citizen of the United States,

in heating systems 'ers.

UNITED STATES PATENT UFFICE.

HENRY M. SHEER, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 'WILSON ARBOGAST, CF

- ALIQENTO-VN, YENNSYLVANIA.

HEATING SYSTEM FOR INGUBA'IORS AND BRQODERS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. SHEER, a residing at Quincy,-:in.county of Adams and State-of Illinois, have invented certain new and use ful' Improvements in Heating Systemstor Incubators and Breeders, of which the folspecification.

' My invention relates to an improvement The obj ect of my invention is to provide a heating system which takes advantage of the temperature-raising properties of both hot water and steam.

A further object is to so arrange-the system that a maximum of heat is obtained the coil or circulating tube and the ther object is to so construct and install the system that the heat will be distributed evenly throughout the egg chamber and the will be. the

temperature in that chamber same at all 'points.

This invention consists in certain other novel features of construction and combinations of parts which. will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in' the claims.

'In the accompanying drawings '.Figure 1 is a view in top plan with the cover removed to better illustrate the position and arrangement of the circulating tubes, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through the incubator to illustrate the relation of the heating coil to the circulating "tubes, Fig. 3 is vertical sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4. is an enlarged detail view of the vacuum-controlled water supply to the heating coil. The box or body A of the incubator to which the'system is illustrated as applied is constructed in the usual manner to-insulate the egg-chamber against sudden changes of temperature due to t e rise and fall of the atmospheric temperature, and at its front is provided with a door 1. The body A may (have legs secured thereto or may be sup- ;uzported in any approved manner, and has the f, lamp C body A, preferably at one end. I 4s man aneseusual;-vegg-tray 2 constructed to be received vinthe hatching-chamber 3 thereof.

.1 A jacket B which forms a chimney for the carried thereby is secured to the An exhaust flue Specification of Letters Patent.

for incubators and breed Patented Feb. is, 1915.

Application filedAugust 19, 1913. Serial No. 785,550.

center of the jacket B anda heating-coil 5 is located within the jacket around the flue 4.

It is well known that water, when heated in a coil, will circulate, the hot water rising in the coil whereas the cold water gos to the bottom of the coil; and, further, that steam being'lighter than the heated water from which it passes ofi", forms a vapor above the water,- and it is to take advantage of this principle and the superior heating action of steam that I have arranged my system.

In use the exhaust flue 4 is normally closed by a damper :25 and all of the heat from the lamp passes up through the jacket 13 and out through the openings 28, 28 provided in the upper part thereof. This jacket is preferably made of cast iron or other heat re taining material and is tapered slightly toward the top to cause the heat to be directed fully against and around the turns of the coil 5. i v The circulating system within the hatch ing-chamber comprises a central tube 6, and side tubes '2' and 8. At the inner end, the tubes 7 and 8 are connected together by a cross-tube 9, and the passage from one of these tubes to the other is left free and unobstructed. At the outer end, a tube 10 connects tubes 7 and 8. The tube 6 issecured at its outer end around the tube 10, and opens into tube 6, as at 11. 12, of less diameter than the tubes 8 are connected between the tubes 6 and each of the tubes 7 and 8 at a point about midway up the side of these tubes. The heating-coil 5 at its upper end passes through the tube 9,

Crossgipes 12',

7, anding-coil is connected at 14 to the lower side of the tube 9 approximately dinal center thereof.

Assuming with water and the lamp is burningz Th-e water in the coil is heated until steam is generated, and this heating causes the water to circulate through the coil in an upward direction passing out of the coil at the end 13 into the tube 6. The water supply is so at the longituarranged that the water in the heating tubes an even level, which is beis maintained at into the cross-pipes 12, as

low the opening indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2 and ""the'opening 11 from the tube 6 into the tube 10 is made of suliiclent height to permit the passage of the water contained n the tube 6 that the coil 5 has been filled a through each end of tube to the side;-

tubcs 7 and 8 respectively. and back to tube 9 from which it passes through the return end 14 of the coil back to the heating-coil 'around the lamp where it is again heated and the circulation caused to continue.

It will. of course. be understood that steam will rise from the water in all parts of the tubes 6. 10. 7. 8. and 9. but the production of steam will be perhaps greater in the tubes 6 and 10. and the rise of steam materially lessened as the water reaches the tubes 7 and 8. It is desirable that the same amount of steam be maintained in each of the tubes. and it is for this purpose that the cross-pipes 1). are provided. Thev. positioned as thev are above the level of the water. carrvthe steam from the central tube 6 to the side tubes 8 and 7. and maintain the steam constantin each of the tubes.

As a means of permitting the escape of the steam and relieving the pressure in the circulating tubes. vents 15. 15. are provided in the upper part of the tube 9 on each side of the connection at H of the return-end of the heating-coil. or at any othersuitable point. This escaping steam supplies moisture to the egg-chamber. which maintains the air at the proper degree of humidity.

' \Vith the arrangement as described. the temperature of the water in the several tubes of the circulating system would be practically the same throughout. but a greater .heatradiating surface is provided adjacent the central tube b v reason of the crosspipes 19 passing from each side thereof: and under ord nary conditions there would be danger of the egg-chamber being overheated at this point -To provide against this condition. T position a deflector ltiabove the circulating-tubes. and. as better shown in Fig. this deflector is raised at that point over the tube 6. and slopes graduallv down from this point to the point where it abuts against the sides of the body A. With the deflector formed in this manner, the heat at the center of the circuiating svstem can rad ate up. and it is then directed back against the content-sot the egg-trav. whereas at the sides the deflector is in close proximity to the tubes of the circulating system. and the radiation of heat from these tubes nut-st consequently be in a downward direction... liv this arrangementof the deflector with respect to thettibcs of the cir; culating system. an even temperature is estabtj shed and maintained throughout the inc ubating chamber.

A m ms of maintaining the proper amount of waterin the heating-coil 5, have provided a supply-pipe 17 which is connected preferably at the lowest point in the return-end 14 ofthis coil, and a bell 18 .18 connected with the upper end of the supply-pi e 17. water reservoir 20 is supj'porte above the bell 1S. and has a tube 21 secured air tight around the month thereof. The reservoir 20 is supported a sutlicieut height, above the bell 18 that the tube '31 extends down to the height at which the water-level is to be established When the water in the bell 18 is at theproper height,

the end of the tube 21 is closed. or sealed,-

and the water cannot consequentb flow from the reservoir 20. but as the water-level is reduced in the bell 18. due to evaporation or to any other cause. the mouth of the tube 21 is opened to the air. arid as air can then pass into the reservoir 20. through holes 97. bell 18. and tube 21 the water will flow into the bell and raise the level again to normal.

As a means of draining the coil 5. when the incubator is not in use. an outlet 2:? controlled b v a valve .23 is provided atthe lowest point in the coil.

Itwill be seen that a boiler or any other suitable form of heating-tank might be used in this connection and with equall good results, the heating-coil being merely shown as one means of attaining the desired result.

A thermostat 24 is provided in the incubating chamber. and is connected to operate the damper .25. which controls the opening from the exhaust flue'4.

\Vhile my invention has been described for use with an incubator. it is evident that the desired function would be accomplished if the device was installed in a breeder or in a combination incubator and brooder.

From the foregoing. it will be seen that I have provided a system-which accomplishes a successful heating action with a minimum of heating element and a minimum of fuel consumption. as the structure takes ad antage of the better heating action of steam and the heat-maintaining properties of water.

More or less slight changes might be" than water. water-heating means, a supply pipe for said water-heating means ar ranged to conduct the water to and d1$ tubes back to be heated in the be charge it into said central tube, and t e main tain a low level of Water in the several tubes of the system, and a return-pipe frem the tubes to the heating-means.

A system of the type described comprising a Water heater, a heating system comprising a central and side tubes spaced apart, means forming communication between said tubes at one end thereof, cross pipes connected between the central tube and side tubes constructed and adapted to conduct steam, a Water supply pipe from said heater to said central tube adapted tomaiutain a low Water level in said tube the com iuniczttien between the central tube and the side tubes at the said end thereef er ranged that water only may a 2 return sip-v from the tubes of said 5}; m to the. heater for conducting the water from salt and steam outlets to permit the circru; in {31 eteaui through said tubes and. to supply moisture to said chamber.

3. A system of the type described emu. prising a water heating coil, :1 heating system comprising a central and side tubes spaced apart, means forming communicattion between said tubes at one ersii thereof,

tubes, :1 Water supply gipe i ting coil to said central tube, te maintain a low water level in l the ammnunicetion between the 4: and the other tubes at the said if so Arranged that water only and the cemmunication of the en pea, so termed that steam only may return pipe from the tubes of said in the presence of two witnesses.

HENRY Mn SHEER.

Witnesses lftonmwy; v 531mm, 13131.3 KLUSMAN. 

